There are so many differences between endotoxin and exotoxin. Endotoxin are released by gram negative bacterial cell from their cell wall and released only after the cell lysis. Living gram negative bacteria can't release endotoxin. That's why they are called endotoxin.
Exotoxin are mainly produced by the gram positive bacteria and released outside the cell by living bacterial cell. That's why they are called exotoxin. Differences between both are mentioned below.
Properties
|
Endotoxin
|
Exotoxin
|
Chemical Nature
|
Lipopolysaccharides
|
Proteins
|
Molecular weight
|
10 k Da
|
50-1000 k Da
|
Effect of heat
|
Heat stable not denatured
|
Denatured by heat
|
Relationship to cell
|
Part of outer membrane
|
Extracellular
|
Specificity
|
Low
|
High
|
Pyrogenicity
|
Yes
|
Occasionally
|
Source
|
Gram negative bacteria like E.coli,
P.aeruginosa, Salmonella
|
Commonly gram positive bacteria like
S.aures, B.subtilis
|
Can be toxoid
|
No
|
Yes
|
Antigenicity
|
Poor
|
Very good
|
Potency
|
Low
|
High
|
Mode of detection
|
Limulus amebocyte lysate
|
Neutralization, Precipitation etc.
|
Thanks!
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